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Henning Alexander von Kleist (1676/77–1749) was an 18th-century Prussian field marshal. He fought in the War of Spanish Succession, the Great Northern War, and in the Wars of Austrian Succession. In particular, his actions at the Battle of Mollwitz brought him acclaim, although he had long been a stalwart supporter of Prussian military developments by the Prussian kings Frederick (1740–1786) and Frederick William I (1713–1740). ==Family== Kleist belonged to an old Pomeranian family that stemmed from the year 1175, and the family served the Duke Bogislaw X, Duke of Pomerania in his wars. In the 14th century, the family divided into three lines, from three brothers. The oldest line was Dubberow-Tuchow line, the Muttrin-Damen line, and the third, Bilnow-Raddatz, which ended in 1784.〔Artikel, Kleist, Henning Alexander von“ von Heinrich Kypke in: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie, herausgegeben von der Historischen Kommission bei der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Band 16 (1882), S. 150–151, Digitale Volltext-Ausgabe in Wikisource, (von Kleist )(Version vom 26. September 2015, 20:02 Uhr UTC)〕 In total, the Kleist line produced more than 19 generals, and an assortment of poets, inventors, scientists, and philosophers.〔Allgemeine encyklopädie der wissenschaften und künste, (Kleist Geschlecht ). F.A. Brockhaus, 1885, pp. 34–35.〕 Henning Alexander von Kleist was born on 4 May in 1676 or 1677〔Birthdate is disputed and also given as 1676.〕 in Raddatz in Pomerania. He was the third son of Joachim Daniel von Kleist. and his first wife, Maria Catherine von Ramel.〔 She was the second daughter of Heinrich von Ramel and Else Sophia von Münchow, from Bulgrin. She died before 1688, and her husband subsequently remarried. See Gustav Kratz, L. Quandt, G. H. Kypke''Geschichte des Geschlechts von Kleist - Villnow-Raddatzer Linie.'' (79–81 ).〕 His father married three times. The first wife, Maria Catherine von Ramel,18 May 1644, 1672 married, and died 3 January 1685. She was the second daughter of Heinrich von Ramel and Else Sophia von Münchow, from Bulgrin.〔 Gustav Kratz, L. Quandt, G. H. Kypke''Geschichte des Geschlechts von Kleist - Villnow-Raddatzer Linie.'' (79–81 ).〕 She bore four sons, and one daughter: #Jürgen (died before 1688) #Philipp Heinrich. Initially served in Prussian military, but after a duel, left Prussia and settled in Brussels. There he married Antonia Catharine van der Linden on 26 February 1704. He entered French service as a lieutenant in the Regiment de la Mare, fought in the War of Spanish Succession and died on 10 September 1709, in the Battle of Malplaquet. He had one son, Ludwig, who died on 18 May 1780, without legitimate descendants.〔Kratz, p. 81.〕 #Henning Alexander (1676–1747) #Maria Catherine 10 February 1677, 23 May 1701 married Jürgen Heinrich von Kleist (of Raddtz), 27 February 1753 (in Juchow).〔Kratz, p. 79.〕 #Richard Christian, called himself Richard; served in the military, Infantry Regiment Borck (No 33z)., By 7 May 1714, he was Major, 24 July–4 August 1718, stationed in Colberg as commander. 22 October 1718, Lt Colonel with the Infantry Regiment Mosel. Died in Wesel 1723.〔Kratz, p. 94.〕 #Leopold, died without male issue.〔 #Balthazar Gustav 16 April 1689–8 April 1694.〔Kratz, p. 94.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Henning Alexander von Kleist」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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